Effect of biofertilizer on yield and yield components of some wheat and barley cultivars

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Lecturer, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kunduz University, Afghanistan. and MS.c. graduate, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran

2 Associate professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Takhar University, Afghanistan

3 Lecturer, Department of Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Kunduz University, Afghanistan

10.34785/J020.2022.009

Abstract

The present experiment aimed to investigate the effect of biofertilizers on some agronomic characteristics of different wheat and barley cultivars. The experiment was performed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The treatments consisted of three levels of inoculation (Barvar-2, actinomycetes, barvar-2 + actinomycetes) and 14 cultivars (8 wheat cultivars: Morwarid, Gonbad, Karim, Ehsan, Daria, N-91-8, N -91-9, N-91-17 and 6 cultivars of barley: Turkmen, Sahra, local, Yusuf, naked). The results showed that the effect of cultivars and dual interaction of cultivar x biofertilizer on the number of seeds per pot and per spike, number of fertile tillers per pot, and number of spikelets per spike was significant. The number of fertile tillers per plant was affected only by cultivar. The application of biofertilizer significantly influenced the number of spikelets per spike. The comparison of the mean of single kernel weight also showed that the highest amount (0.0491g) was observed with the Yousef cultivar in barley. However, the lowest amount (0.0244g) was recorded in the local cultivar of barley. The highest grain yield (2.366g per plant) was obtained from the Yousef cultivar in barley and the lowest value (1.242g per plant) was observed with the Daria cultivar of wheat. The highest harvest index (51.01%) was recorded with the naked barley. In general, the effect of cultivar on grain yield was significant, and barley cultivars had a higher yield compared with wheat cultivars.

Keywords


Abidi, A., Zeinali, E., Soltani, A. and Gharanjiki, A. 2018. Phosphorus concentration, accumulation, and allocation in stem elongation and anthesis growth stages in some crop and weed species of Gramineae. Plant Environmental Physiology, 12(48): 35-51.
Ahmad, E., Khan, M. and Zaidi, A., 2013. ACC deaminase producing Pseudomonas putida strain PSE3 and Rhizobium leguminosarum strain RP2 in synergism improves growth, nodulation and yield of pea grown in alluvial soils. Symbiosis, 61(2), pp.93-104.
Arora, N.K. 2013. Plant Microbe Symbiosis: Fundamentals and Advances. Translated by: Tadayon and Karimzadah. Shahrekord University. 838P. (In Persian).
Batten, G.D. 1992. A review of phosphorus efficiency in wheat. Plant and Soil. 146(1): 163-168.
Behbehani, M. and Khayyam Nekoyi, M. 2005. Investigation of the effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria on potato yield in greenhouse conditions. Ministry of Jihad-e-keshavarzi, Publication of Agricultural Sciences, 290P. (In Persian).
Dahmardeh, M., Mahmood Mirbahodin, M. and Khammar, I. 2018. The effect of biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of bean (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) in drought stress condition. Environmental Stress in Crop Science, 11(1): 23-33.
Farid, A.F. 2019. Evaluating phosphorus efficiency of a number of wheat and barley cultivars as affected by inoculation with plant growth promoting bacteria. Master thesis in Agriculture, College of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. 80p. (In Persian).
Gahoonia, T.S. and Nielsen, N.E. 1996. Variation in acquisition of soil P among wheat and barley genotypes. Plant and Soil. 178: 223-230.
Gangwar, M., Rani, S. and Sharma, N. 2012. Investigating endophytic actinomycetes diversity from rice for plant growth promoting and antifungal activity. Advanced Life Sciences, 1:10-21.
Gill, H.S., Singh, A., Sethi, S.K. and Behl, R.K. 2004. P uptake and use efficiency in different varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 56: 563-572.
Gunes, A., Inal, A., Alpaslan, M. and Cakmak, I. 2006. Genotypic variation in P efficiency between wheat cultivars grown under greenhouse and field conditions. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 52(4): 470-478.
Hamdali, H., Moursalou, K., Tchangbedji, G., Ouhdouch, Y. and Hafidi, M. 2012. Isolation and characterization of rock phosphate solubilizing actinobacteria from a Togolese phosphate mine. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(2): 312-320.
Hamdali, H., Smirnov, A., Esnault, C., Ouhdouch, Y. and Virolle, M.J. 2010. Physiological studies and comparative analysis of rock phosphate solubilization abilities of actinomycetales originating from Moroccan Phosphate mines and of Streptomyces lividans. Applied Soil Ecology, 44(1): 24-31.
Horst, W.J., Abdou, M. and Wiesler, F. 1993. Genotypic differences in P efficiency of wheat. Plant and Soil, 155(1): 293-296.
Hoster, F., Schmitz, J.E. and Daniel, R. 2005. Enrichment of chitinolytic microorganisms: isolation and characterization of a chitinase exhibiting antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi from a novel Streptomyces strain. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 66(4): 434-442.
Jahanshahi S., Zadehbagheri, M. and Aboutalebi, A. 2013. Effect of VermiCompost, Azotobacter and Barvar Ii on some quantitative and qualitative traits of coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Medicinal Plan. Crop Production Research, 4(4): 391-400.
Khan, M.S., Zaidi, A. and Musarat, J. 2017. Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms, translated by: Karimzadeh Soureshjani and Tadayon, M. R. Publication of research and innovation center of ETKA Organization, 495P. (In Persian).
Khan, M.S., Zaidi, A., Ahemad, M., Oves, M. and Wani, P.A. 2010. Plant growth promotion by phosphate solubilizing fungi–current perspective. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 56(1): 73-98.
Khosravian, T., Zeinali E., Siahmarguee, A., Ghorbani Nasrabadi, R. and Alimagham, S.M. 2018. The effect of inoculation with Streptomyces and phosphorus fertilizer rate on biologic yield, grain yield and yield components in wheat and barley. Cereal Research, 7(2): 257-273.
Marschner, P. 2011. Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 3rd Edition. Academic Press, 672P.
Ozturk, L., Eker, S., Torun, B. and Cakmak, I. 2005. Variation in P efficiency among bread and durum wheat genotypes grown in a P-deficient calcareous soil. Plant and Soil, 269(1): 69-80.
Pathom-Aree, W., Stach, J.E., Ward, A.C., Horikoshi, K., Bull, A.T. and Goodfellow, M. 2006. Diversity of actinomycetes isolated from Challenger Deep sediment (10,898 m) from the Mariana Trench. Extremophiles, 10(3): 181-189.
Rodríguez, H. and Reynaldo, F. 1999. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion. Biotechnology Advances, 17(4-5): 319-339.
Thangapandian, V., Ponmuragan, P. and Ponmuragan, K. 2007. Actinomycetes diversity in the rhizosphere soil of different medicinal plants in Kolly Hills Tamil Nadu, India, for secondary metabolite production. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 6: 66-70.
Wang, X., Tang, C., Guppy, C.N. and Sale, P.W.G. 2008. Phosphorus acquisition characteristics of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) under P deficient conditions. Plant and Soil, 312: 117-128.
Zaidi, A., Khan, M.S., Ahemad, M. and Oves, M. 2009. Plant growth promotion by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica, 56(3): 263-284.