Evaluation of genetic diversity of phenological traits of wild emmer wheat accessions under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. student, Department of Plant production and Genetics , Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant production and Genetics , Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Cereal Research Center, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Plant production and Genetics , Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

10.22034/plant.2025.143889.1164

Abstract

Wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) is known as a rich source for improving various traits in wheat cultivars due to its high genetic diversity, and this diversity can help increase wheat productivity under different environmental conditions. In this study, 150 wild Emmer wheat accessions originating from different parts of the world were studied in an Alpha-lattice design with two replications under supplementary irrigation and rainfed conditions during the 2021-2022 cropping year with the aim of evaluating genetic diversity in terms of phenological traits. The results of the combined analysis of variance showed that the effects of environment and accession were significant for all studied traits. The environment × accession interaction effect of was significant for days to anthesis and days to physiological maturity. Cluster analysis divided the accessions into 12, 10 and 13 groups under supplementary irrigation, rainfed and means of data over two conditions. It also showed that accessions with different geographical origins were scattered in each group. Correlation analysis showed a positive and significant correlation between the number of days to heading and the number of days to anthesis in both conditions, so it would be possible to improve simultaneously these two traits in breeding programs. Accessions No. 28, 33, 44 and 150 had high thousand-kernel weight in both conditions and lower average for phenological traits. Therefore, the above-mentioned accessions will be useful for creating genetic diversity in breeding programs to reduce phenological traits and early maturity of wheat varieties.

Keywords

References

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