Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Assistant Professor,, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ardebil, Iran
2
Assistant Professor, Genetic Engineering and Plant Production Department , Faculty of Agriculture, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
3
Professor, Biotechnology and Plant Breeding Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
4
Associate Professor, Biotechnology and Plant Breeding Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
10.22034/plant.2025.143806.1162
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate agronomic and physicochemical characteristics and to tag the fertility restorer gene in seven rice hybrids at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. The parent genotypes included six cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines, five foreign restorer lines, and one mutant line. In 2019, seven rice hybrids of crosses were made between parent genotypes with synchronous flowering to produce F1 seeds. In 2020, the hybrids with local check varieties (Nemat and Hashemi) were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Additionally, fertility restorer lines along with the male sterile line NematA and the obtained hybrids were screened for the evaluation of the fertility restorer gene Rf3 using the markers RM490 and RM3148. The results showed pollen sterility in all hybrids was less than 10%; therefore, the genotypes IR50, IR67924R, P15-3, IR56, IR46R, and NSIC RC 352 were identified as fertility restorers. The highest grain yield was observed in three hybrids: IR50/NedaA, IR56/NematA, and IR68899A/IR56, with over 1000 grams per square meter of paddy. The mean comparison of physicochemical traits in the rice hybrids indicated that hybrid IR50/NedaA had the highest brown rice percentage (77.98%), milling recovery (65.45%), and head rice percentage (51.91%). The genotypes IR50, IR67924R, P15-3, IR46R, and NSIC RC 352 were identified as possessing the Rf3 gene based on markers RM490 and RM3148. This study demonstrates that hybrid technology can significantly enhance rice production and improve food security.
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