Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
3
Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
4
Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Borujerd, Iran.
5
Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Iran
6
Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Safiabad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Dezful, Iran.
10.22034/plant.2025.144872.1178
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate genotype × environment interaction and yield stability of promising forage sorghum hybrids over two cropping years (2023-2024) across five locations (Karaj, Borujerd, Gorgan, Dezful and Sari) using a randomized complete block design with three replications. In this investigation, 11 promising forage sorghum hybrids (KHFS1, KHFS2, KHFS3, KHFS4, KHFS5, KHFS6, KHFS7, KHFS8, KHFS9, KHFS10, and KHFS11) along with the check cultivar (Speedfeed) were assessed. The results of combined analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) among the hybrids for number of leaves per plant, number of tillers per plant, and fresh and dry forage yields. The main effect of environment accounted for 69.27% of the total variation in dry forage yield, whereas the effects of genotype and genotype × environment interaction contributed 2.93% and 27.81%, respectively. The analysis of genotype × environment interaction using the AMMI model identified four significant principal components, explaining 43.45%, 27.12%, 11.16%, and 6.78% of the interaction variance, respectively. The highest fresh and dry forage yields were recorded in hybrids KHFS3 and KHFS10, while the greatest yield stability was observed in hybrids KHFS11, KHFS10, KHFS6, KHFS4, and KHFS3, respectively. Based on AMMI and WAAS biplots, hybrids KHFS3 and KHFS10 were identified as the most stable, high-yielding genotypes with low interaction across diverse environments. Hybrids KHFS3 and KHFS10 are recommended for cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions with variable conditions and could be exploited in sorghum breeding programs
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