تکثیر کشت بافتی گیاه مرزه سهندی (Satureja sahandica Bornm) یک گونه با ارزش دارویی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. و دانشیار، مرکز پژوهشی اصلاح و توسعه گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 استاد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

10.34785/J020.2022.007

چکیده

 مرزه سهندی (Satureja sahandica Bornm) یکی از گونه ­های بومی ایران است که دارای متابولیت­های ثانویه با ارزشی است. ارزش بالای مواد مؤثره گیاه دارویی مرزه سهندی باعث شده است که نیاز به روش­هایی برای تکثیر سریع و مطمئن مانند کشت سلول و بافت احساس شود. به همین دلیل در این تحقیق بهینه سازی یک روش تکثیر درون شیشه­ ای برای گیاه مرزه سهندی انجام شد. ابتدا ریز نمونه ها از کشت گیاهچه­ های بذری استریل تهیه شدند. تیمارهای تنظیم کننده رشد گیاهی مورد استفاده برای کالوس زایی در محیط کشت MS شامل ترکیبات 2,4-D در سه سطح همراه  با BA (بنزیل­آدنین) در چهار سطح و یا ترکیب NAA در دو سطح به همراه با BA در پنج سطح بودند. همچنین تیمار  BA در پنج سطح برای شاخه زایی کالوس­ها استفاده شد. ریز نمونه ­ها تحت تاثیر ترکیبات تنظیم کننده­ های رشد گیاهی متفاوت عکس العمل­های کال­زایی متفاوتی را نشان دادند. ترکیب یک میلی‌گرم در لیتر 2,4-D به‌اضافه یک میلی‌گرم در لیتر BA و ترکیب 5/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر NAA به‌ همراه 5/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر BA  بالاترین میزان القاء کالوس‌زایی (%100) را نشان دادند. کالوس‌های تولید شده سبز رنگ و دارای ساختار کروی و بافتی سفت و فشرده بودند. همچنین ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد شاخه های باززا شده (سه نوشاخه) از کالوس­ها مربوط به غلظت­های ۴ و ۵ میلی گرم بر لیتر BA بود. این نتایج می­تواند به عنوان یک روش ساده و مناسب در باززایی گیاه مرزه سهندی برای ریز ازدیادی در شرایط درون شیشه ای و یا انتقال ژن مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

In vitro Micropropagation of Sahendian savory (Satureja sahendica Bornm), a species with medicinal value

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asad Maroufi 1
  • Helia Bahmani 2
  • BaratAli Fakheri 3
  • Mohammad Majdi 1
1 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj. Iran. Associate Professor, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Development, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 MSc. graduate. Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

Sahendian savory (Satureja sahendica Bornm) is one of the native species of Iran that contain valuable secondary metabolites. The high value of the active ingredients of Sahendian savory has caused the need for methods for rapid Therefore, in this study, an in vitro tissue culture method was optimized for Sahendian savory. First, explants were prepared from sterile seedlings. Plant growth regulators treatments used for callus induction in MS medium included 2,4-D at three levels with BA (Benzyl Adenine) at four levels or NAA at two levels with BA at five levels (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mgl-1). BA treatment was also used at five levels for shoot induction. Callus formation of explants showed different reactions under the influence of different hormonal compounds. The explants showed different callogenic reactions under the consequence of different plant growth regulators combinations. The combination of 1 mgl-1 2,4-D plus 1 mgl-1 BA and the combination of 0.5 mgl-1NAA with 0.5 mgl-1 BA showed the highest callus induction rate (100%). The calli produced were green and had a spherical and firm texture. Additionally, the highest number of regenerated shoots (3 shoots) from calli were related to concentrations of 4 and 5 mgl-1 BA. These results can be used as a simple and appropriate technique in the regeneration of Sahendian savory plants for in vitro micropropagation or gene transfer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Callus
  • tissue culture
  • medicinal plants
  • Satureja sahendica Bornm
Arikat, N.A., Jawad, F.M., Karam, N.S. and Shibli, R.A. 2004. Micropropagation and accumulation of essential oils in wild sage (Salvia fruticosa Mill.). Scientia Horticulturae, 100: 193-202.
Asghari, F. Hossini, B., Hassani, A., Asghari, M. and Farokhi, J. 2012. Effect of different hormonal combination on In vitro direct shoot regeneration of basil (Ocimum basilicum). Agricultural Biotechnology, 4(2): 1-15. (In Persian).
Asghari, F., Hassani A., Hosseini, B. and Farokhi, J. 2013. Effect of genotype and different concentration of BAP on in vitro direct regeneration of basil (Ocimum Basilicum). Agricultural Sciences and Technology), 26(4): 434-439. (In Persian).
Bhojwani, S. and Razdan, M. 1996. Haploid production. Plant tissue culture: theory and practice. New York: Elsevier.
Chaudhry, H., Fatima, N. and Ahmad, I.Z. 2014. Evaluation of Nigella sativa L. callus extracts under elicitation for phytochemical and antibacterial activity. Pharma and Bio Sciences, 5: 903-916.
Crocoll, C. 2010. Biosynthesis of the phenolic monoterpenes, thymol and carvacrol, by terpene synthases and cytochrome P450s in oregano and thyme. Ph.D. thesis. Jena, Germany: University Jena, 143 pp.
Debnath, M., Malik, C. and Bisen, P.S. 2006. Micropropagation: a tool for the production of high-quality plant-based medicines. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 7: 33-49.
Delany, W., Desmond, K., Prussack, D.A., Varevice, S. and Smith, R.A. 1994. Investigating the Skoog-Miller Model for Organogenesis Using Sweet Potato Root Explants. The American Biology Teacher, 56(1): 44-46.
El-Makawy, M., Yasser, M., Allah, M.A. and Nishawy, S. 2008. In vitro clonal propagation of Thymus capitatus L. through direct regeneration. Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology, 5(1-2): 39-44.
Farsi, M. and Zolali, J. 2005. Principles of plant biotechnology. Ferdowsi university of Mashhad press, 508 pp. (In Persian).
Fracaro, F. and Echeverrigaray, S. 2001. Micropropagation of Cunila galioides, a popular medicinal plant of south Brazil. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 64(1): 1-4.
Ghorban Babaei, N., Niknam, V., Ebrahimzadeh, H., Mir Masoumi, M. and Zanganeh, E. 2012. The effect of growth regulators on in vitro micropropagation of Satureja mutica. National Congress of genetic resources and biodiversity. (In Persian).
Guarda, G., Padovan, S.G. and Delogu, G. 2004. Grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and baking quality of old and modern Italian bread-wheat cultivars grown at different nitrogen levels. European Journal of Agronomy, 21(2): 181-192.
Hassanpouraghdam, M.B., Shalamzari, M.S., Aazami, M.A. and Shoja, A.M. 2009. γ-Terpinene and carvacrol rich volatile oil of Satureja sahendica Bornm. from Maragheh district in Northwest Iran. Chemija, 20(3): 186-189.
Hussain, A., Qarshi, I.A., Nazir, H. and Ullah, I. 2012. Plant tissue culture: current status and opportunities. Recent advances in plant in vitro culture, 6(10): 1-28.
Karami., E. 2014. Investigation of regeneration of Satureja avromanic Maroofi under in vitro conditions. M.Sc. Thesis. Tehran, Iran: Payame Noor University of Tehran. 124p. (In Persian).
Karimi, N., Ghasmpour, H.R. and Yari, M. 2014. Effect of different growth regulators on callus induction and plant regeneration of Satureja species. Annual Research and Review in Biology, 4(16): 2646-2654.
khalafalla, M.M., Elaleem, K.G. and Modawi, R.S. 2010. Callus formation and organogensis of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivar Almera. Phytology, 2(5): 40-46.
Mottaghinia, T. 2011. Effect of explant, medium and plant growth regulators on induction rate of Satureja hortensis L. M.Sc. Thesis. Mashhad, Iran: Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. 156p. (In Persian).
Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with Tobacco Tissue Cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15: 473-497.
Navroski, M.C., Waldow, D.A.G., de Oliveira Pereira, M. and de Oliveira Pereira, A. 2012. Calogênese in vitro de segmentos apicais caulinares e internodais em segurelha (Satureja hortensis L.). Revista Agroambiente On-line, 6(3): 228-234.
Omid Beigi, R. 2005. Approaches to the production and processing of medicinal plants. Astan Quds Razavi Press, 346p. (In Persian).
Radulović, N., Lazarević, J., Ristić, N. and Palić, R. 2007. Chemotaxonomic significance of the volatiles in the genus Stachys (Lamiaceae): Essential oil composition of four Balkan Stachys species. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 35(4): 196-208.
Ramachandra, S.R. and Ravishankar, G.A. 2002. Plant cell cultures: Chemical factories of secondary metabolites. Biotechnology Advances, 20(2): 101-153.
Saha, S., Dey, T. and Ghosh, P. 2010. Micropropagation of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Guerke (Lamiaceae). Acta Biologica Cracovievsia Botanica, 52(2): 50-58.
Sajc, L., Grubisic, D. and Vunjak-Novakovic, G. 2000. Bioreactors for plant engineering: an outlook for further research. Biochemical Engineering, 4(2): 89-99.
Sefidkon, F., Sadeghzadeh, L., Teimouri, M., Asgari, F. and Ahmadi, S. 2007. Antimicrobial effects of the essential oils of two Satureja species (S. Khuzistanica Jamzad and S. bachtiarica Bunge) in two harvesting time. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23(2): 174-182. (In Persian).
Sharafzadeh, S. and Alizadeh, O. 2012. Some medicinal plants cultivated in Iran. Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2: 134-137.
Tabatabaei, R.A., Khalighi, A., Kashi, A., Asnaashari, S., Bamdad Moghadam, S. and Delazar, A. 2007. Antioxidant activity and chemical compositions of essential oil of aerial parts of Satureja sahendica Bornm. Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3:10-20.
Zahedi, B. and Sahraroo, A. 2015. Evaluation of Satureja khuzistanica micropropagation as a medicinal plant. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 46(2): 291-296.