ارزیابی تفاوت ها و شباهت های ژنتیکی جمعیت ها و ژنوتیپ های بنگ دانه بر اساس نشانگرهای رتروترانسپوزونیIRAP و REMAP

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، مشگین شهر، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه به نژادی و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 استاد، گروه به نژادی و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

10.34785/J020.2022.012

چکیده

بنگ­ دانه به دلیل آلکالوئیدهای هیوسیامین و اسکوپولامین از ارزش دارویی بالایی برخوردار است. تنوع ژنتیکی این گیاه با استفاده از نشانگرهای مختلف ارزیابی شده است. ولی تاکنون از کاربرد نشانگرهای رتروترانسپوزونی در بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی و بهبود کیفیت و کمیت آلکالوئیدهای این گیاه گزارشی ثبت نشده است. لذا در این پژوهش تنوع ژنتیکی10 جمعیت بنگ ­دانه با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی IRAP  و REMAP  بررسی شد. برای نشانگرهای IRAP از 36 ترکیب ممکن حاصل از هشت آغازگرLTR، هفت ترکیب ، تکثیر مناسب و قابل امتیازدهی داشتند. در تکنیکREMAP  از ترکیب 11 آغازگر  ISSRبا هشت آغازگر   LTR استفاده شد که از 88 ترکیب ممکن، 12 ترکیب قابل امتیازدهی بودند. متوسط میزان اطلاعات چندشکلی برای نشانگرهای IRAP وREMAP  به ­ترتیب 30/0 و 32/0 و میانگین شاخص نشانگر برای این دو نشانگر برابر 59/2 و 47/2 برآورد شد. بر اساس این معیارها، نشانگر REMAP به علت نقش بارزتر ریزماهواره­ ها در برآورد تنوع ژنتیکی بنگ­دانه کاراتر از IRAP بود. در تجزیه واریانس مولکولی با استفاده از نشانگر­های IRAP و REMAP تنوع درون­ جمعیتی بیشتر از بین­ جمعیتی برآورد شد که این امر می­ تواند ناشی از وجود تفاوت­های ژنتیکی زیاد در افراد درون جمعیت از لحاظ مکان­های ژنی تکثیر یافته باشد و مویدی بر ناهمگنی درون جمعیت و تنوع مطلوب این جمعیت­ها در شمال­ غرب ایران باشد. تجزیه خوشه‌ای بر اساس نشانگر IRAP موفق به تفکیک گونه‌ها از یکدیگر نبود ولی نشانگر REMAP توانست گونه‌های H.pusillus و H.reticulatus را تا حد بالایی از هم تفکیک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of genetic differences and similarities of henbane populations and genotypes based on IRAP and REMAP retrotransposition markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Asghari Mirak 1
  • Seyed Siamak Alavi Kia 2
  • Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi 3
1 Lecturer, Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Meshginshahr, Ardabil, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz,,Tabriz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Henbane has high medicinal value due to hyoscyamine and scopolamine alkaloids. The genetic diversity of this plant has been evaluated using different markers. However, so far, there has been no report on the use of retrotransposon markers in studying genetic diversity and improving the quality and quantity of alkaloids of this plant. In this study, the genetic diversity of 10 henbane populations was investigated using IRAP and REMAP molecular markers. Among 36 possible combinations of 8 LTR primers, 7 combinations had appropriate and scalable amplification. In the REMAP technique, 11 ISSR primers were combined with 8 LTR primers, and of the 88 possible combinations, 12 combinations were scalable. The mean values of polymorphic information for IRAP and REMAP markers were 0.30 and 0.32, respectively, and the mean marker index for these two markers was 2.59 and 2.47, respectively. Taking into account these criteria, REMAP marker was more efficient than IRAP due to the more considerable role of microsatellites in the estimation of henbane genetic diversity. In the analysis of molecular variance using IRAP and REMAP markers, intra-population variation was estimated to be higher than inter-population. This finding can be due to the existence of many genetic differences in the individuals in the population in terms of amplified gene locations. It also indicates the heterogeneity within the population and the desirable diversity of these populations in northwest Iran. Cluster analysis based on IRAP marker failed to separate species, but REMAP marker could separate H. pusillus and H. reticulatus species to a high degree.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Henbane
  • genetic diversity
  • IRAP marker
  • REMAP marker

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