ارزیابی مولکولی و بیوشیمیایی برخی صفات در ژنوتیپ‎های کلزا تحت شرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

دانه‌های روغنی پس از غلات، دومین ذخایر غذایی جهان را تشکیل می‌دهند. کلزا به هنگام جوانه‌زنی و در مراحل رشد غلاف‌ها حساس به خشکی بوده و بیشترین افزایش خسارت هم‌زمان با کمبود آب در زمان رشد گیاهچه جوان تازه استقرار یافته است. بذور 6 رقم کلزا (شامل: Kodiak، Jerry، Brutus، Jacomo، Julius، Traviata) در شرایط گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان به‌صورت آزمایش‌های فاکتوریل با طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. سطوح تیمار خشکی مشتمل بر مقادیر 6-، 4-، 2-، 1- ، 5/0- بار برحسب مقدار معادل آب مورد نیاز در تکرارهای هر تیمار آبیاری شد. نمونه‌برداری جهت محاسبه شاخص‌ عملکرد و صفات وابسته، درصد روغن، شاخص بیوشیمیایی TBARM ، میزان کلروفیل و پرولین و همچنین نمونه‌برداری تصادفی جهت انجام مطالعات مولکولی و بررسی بیان ژن صورت گرفت. نتایج حاصل نشان داد با افزایش سطوح تنش در ارقام کلزا، میزان عملکرد دانه و صفات وابسته به آن، درصد روغن و میزان کلروفیل کاهش یافت. همچنین مشاهده شد که با افزایش تنش، شاخص TBARM و پرولین نیز به میزان بیشتری تولید شدند. در مورد دو ژن ACCase و SAD بیشترین میزان بیان ژن مربوط به رقم Traviata در سطح تنش 4- بار بود و همچنین نتایج به‌دست آمده از دو ژن P5CS1 و PDH نشان داد که با افزایش میزان تنش خشکی در ارقام کلزا میزان بیان ژن نیز در آن‌ها افزایش داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Molecular and biochemical evaluation of some traits in rapeseed cultivars under drought stress condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saied Navabpour 1
  • Abolfazl Mazandarani 2
  • Amin Chelemal Dezfulnezhad 3
1 Professor. Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Ph.D. Graduate.Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 MSc. graduate. Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Oilseeds are the second largest food reserves in the world after cereals. Rapeseed cultivars were drought sensitive during germination and during pod growth stages and the greatest increase in damage occurs simultaneously with the lack of water during the growth of newly established young seedlings. Seeds of 6 rapeseed cultivars (including: Kodiak, Jerry, Brutus, Jacomo, Julius, Traviata) were tested in the research greenhouse of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources as factorial experiments with a completely randomized design with 4 replications. Drought treatment levels including 6-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-bar were irrigated according to the equivalent amount of water required in the repetitions of each treatment. Sampling was performed to calculate yield index and related traits, oil percentage, TBARM biochemical index, chlorophyll and proline content as well as random sampling to perform molecular studies and study of gene expression. The results showed that with increasing stress levels in rapeseed cultivars, grain yield and related traits, oil content and chlorophyll content decreased. It was also observed that with increasing stress, TBARM and proline index were produced to a greater extent. In the case of ACCase and SAD genes, the highest gene expression was related to Traviata cultivar at 4-bar stress level and also the results obtained from P5CS1 and PDH genes showed that with increasing drought stress in rapeseed cultivars, gene expression was also increased. There was an increase in them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rapeseed
  • Drought stress
  • Molecular evaluation
  • Biochemical parameters
  • Gene expression

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