تأثیر پیش تیمار بذر همیشه‌بهار با برخی مواد آلی و شیمیایی بر مقاومت گیاهچه به تنش کادمیوم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد ، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی بردسیر ، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی بردسیر ، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، تربت حیدریه، ایران

10.22034/plant.2024.141245.1102

چکیده

پیش تیمار بذر به‌منظور بهبود ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی و تولید گیاهچه‌های قوی نقش کلیدی در بهبود مقاومت گیاهان به تنش های محیطی دارد. به منظور بررسی پتانسیل پیش تیمار بذر با برخی مواد آلی در افزایش مقاومت گیاه همیشه بهار به سمیت کادمیوم، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی مرکز آموزش عالی کشاورزی بردسیر، دانشگاه باهنر کرمان انجام شد. تیمارها شامل سه سطح کادمیوم (0، ۴۰، ۶۰ میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و هشت نوع پیش تیمار شامل عدم پیش تیمار (شاهد)، عصاره تفاله موم زنبورعسل، عصاره تاغ، عصاره سپستان، ورمی کمپوست، عصاره ریشه شیرین‌بیان، آب مقطر و سالسیلیک اسید (SA) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت کادمیوم شاخص های جوانه زنی و همچنین میزان پروتئین گیاهچه همیشه بهار کاهش و محتوای پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز(GPX ) افزایش معنی داری یافت. درصد جوانه زنی، وزن خشک گیاهچه، نسبت ریشه‌چه به ساقه‌چه و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز (CAT) در شرایط تنش و عدم تنش در پیش تیمار با تفاله موم زنبور عسل و ورمی کمپوست، بیشترین میزان را به خود اختصاص دادند. اسید سالسیلیک به لحاظ اثرگذاری بعد از دو پیش تیمار ذکر شده قرار گرفت. تاغ و شیرین بیان در صفات مذکور کمترین مقادیر را نشان دادند. در شرایط تنش شدید، بیشترین محتوای پروتئین مربوط به پیش تیمار با عصاره ورمی کمپوست و تفاله موم زنبور عسل بود. بطور کلی، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که پیش تیمار بذر با عصاره ورمی کمپوست و تفاله موم زنبور عسل منجر به کاهش اثرات منفی تنش کادمیوم در گیاه همیشه بهار شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of pretreatment of marigold seeds with some organic and chemical substances on seedling resistance to cadmium stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rezvan Javari 1
  • Nasibeh Pourghasemian 2
  • Rooholla Moradi 3
1 MSc. graduate , Department of Plant Productions, Agricultural Faculty of Bardsir, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 Associate Professor , Department of Plant Productions, Agricultural Faculty of Bardsir, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran
چکیده [English]

Seed priming used in order to improve germination and produce strong seedlings plays a key role in improving plant resistance to biological stresses. In order to investigate the potential of seed priming with some organic substances in increasing the resistance of marigolds to cadmium toxicity, an experiment with a factorial layout was conducted using a completely randomized design in three replications in the research laboratory of Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman.The treatments were included three Cd levels (0, 40, 60 mg/kg) and eight types of priming including no pretreatment (control), beeswax waste extract, licorice, haloxylon, vermicompost, cordia, water (water distilled) and salicylic acid (SA). The results showed that with increasing of Cd concentration, the germination indexes and also the amount of protein of marigold seedlings decreased and the content of proline and gayacol peroxsidase (GPX) enzyme activity increased significantly. Germination percentage, seedling dry weight, stem length, root, root-to-stem ratio, and catalase (CAT) enzyme activity in stress and non-stress conditions in priming with beeswax waste and vermicompost extract were increased. Haloxylon and licorice showed the lowest values in the mentioned traits. In severe stress conditions (60 ppm), the highest protein content was related to the priming with vermicompost and beeswax waste extract. In general, the results of this research showed that seed priming with vermicompost and beeswax waste extract reduced the negative effects of cadmium stress in marigold.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • medicinal plant
  • Heavy metal
  • Salysilic acid
  • vermicompost

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