ارزیابی اثر ملاتونین و متیل جاسمونات بر ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و درصد اسانس نعناع گریپ‌فروت تحت تنش خشکی با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ

مقالات آماده انتشار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران

10.22034/plant.2026.144341.1171

چکیده

مقدمه: امروزه تنش خشکی تهدیدی برای بهره‌وری محصول و امنیت غذایی است. زیرا کم‌آبی بر فرآیندهای فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاهان تأثیر منفی گذاشته که در نهایت باعث کاهش عملکرد آن‌ها می‌شود. ملاتونین اخیراً به‌عنوان یک مولکول زیستی چندمنظوره در کاهش اثرات تنش‌های محیطی در گیاهان مطرح شده است. از سوی دیگر، اثرات تنش در گیاهان را می‌توان با استفاده از متیل جاسمونات، هورمونی که نقش کلیدی در سیگنال‌دهی دارد، کاهش داد. این پژوهش برای نخستین‌بار به بررسی هم‌زمان اثر ملاتونین و متیل جاسمونات بر نعناع گریپ‌فروت تحت تنش خشکی با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ پرداخته است.
مواد و روش­ها: در این راستا، پژوهشی با هدف ارزیابی برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و درصد اسانس نعناع گریپ‌فروت (Mentha suaveolens× piperita)، در گلخانه تحقیقاتی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه اجرا شد. مدل سطح پاسخ یکی از روش‌های طراحی آزمایش‌ها است که امکان بررسی هم‌زمان چندین متغیر مستقل و برآورد اثرات اصلی، درجه دوم و متقابل آن‌ها را فراهم نموده و علاوه بر کاهش تعداد آزمایش‌های مورد نیاز، دقت و کارایی بالایی در پیش‌بینی رفتار متغیر پاسخ دارد. فاکتورها شامل سطوح مختلف آبیاری (75 ، 65 ،50 ، 35،  و 25 درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، غلظت‌های ملاتونین (0، 70، 155، 240 و 300 میلی‌مولار) و متیل جاسمونات (0، 50، 110، 170و 210 میکرومولار) بودند.
نتایج: نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که تنش خشکی اثر معنی‌داری بر وزن خشک، کلروفیل a و b، کاروتنوئید، مالون‌دی‌آلدئید، هیدروژن پراکسید، پرولین و درصد اسانس داشت. افزایش شدت تنش خشکی موجب کاهش رشد، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و افزایش شاخص‌های تنش اکسیداتیو شد، در حالی که تجمع پرولین و درصد اسانس در شرایط تنش ملایم تا متوسط افزایش یافت. ملاتونین، به‌ویژه در غلظت‌های متوسط، توانست با کاهش آسیب‌های اکسیداتیو، تنظیم تجمع پرولین و بهبود وضعیت رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، اثرات منفی تنش خشکی را تعدیل نماید. اما اثر متیل‌جاسمونات عمدتاً غیرمستقیم و وابسته به شدت تنش خشکی بود. مدل‌های رگرسیونی برازش‌شده نشان‌دهنده پاسخ‌های غیرخطی بسیاری از صفات به تنش خشکی و هورمون‌ها بودند. بر اساس نتایج بهینه‌سازی، شرایط تنش خشکی ملایم تا متوسط همراه با کاربرد غلظت های متوسط ملاتونین و مقادیر مناسب متیل‌جاسمونات به‌عنوان ترکیب بهینه جهت حفظ رشد، کاهش تنش اکسیداتیو و افزایش درصد اسانس پیشنهاد شد.
نتیجه گیری نهایی: به‌طور کلی، استفاده هدفمند از ملاتونین و متیل‌جاسمونات می‌تواند راهبردی مؤثر برای افزایش سازگاری به خشکی و بهبود کیفیت نعناع گریپ‌فروت در شرایط کم‌آبی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effects of melatonin and methyljasmonate on Morphophysiological traits and essential oil content of grapefruit mint (Mentha suaveolens× piperita) under drought stress using response surface methodology

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Javanmard
  • Sara Rezaei
  • Haniyeh Shabkhiz
  • Naser Sabaghnia
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Nowadays, drought stress is a serious threat to crop productivity and food security, as water deficiency adversely affects the physiological and biochemical processes of plants, ultimately leading to reduced yields. Melatonin has recently been recognized as a multifunctional biomolecule involved in alleviating the negative effects of environmental stresses in plants. Additionally, stress effects in plants can be mitigated by methyl jasmonate, a hormone that plays a key role in signal transduction. For the first time, this study simultaneously examined the effects of melatonin and methyl jasmonate on grapefruit mint under drought stress using response surface methodology (RSM).
Material and Methods: Accordingly, a greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, to evaluate selected morphophysiological traits and the essential oil content of grapefruit mint (Mentha suaveolens × piperita). Response surface methodology, as an experimental design approach, allows for the simultaneous evaluation of multiple independent variables and the estimation of main, quadratic, and interaction effects, while reducing the number of required experiments and providing high accuracy and efficiency in response prediction. The experimental factors included different irrigation levels (75%, 65%, 50%, 35%, and 25% of field capacity), melatonin concentrations (0, 70, 155, 240, and 300 mM), and methyl jasmonate concentrations (0, 50, 110, 170, and 210 µM).
Results:Analysis of variance revealed that drought stress significantly affected dry weight, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, proline, and essential oil percentage. Increased drought stress intensity led to decreased growth and photosynthetic pigments, while oxidative stress indicators increased. Conversely, proline accumulation and essential oil content increased under mild to moderate drought stress. Melatonin, especially at intermediate concentrations, effectively mitigated the adverse effects of drought stress by reducing oxidative damage, regulating proline accumulation, and enhancing photosynthetic pigment levels. The effects of methyl jasmonate were mainly indirect and dependent on the severity of drought stress. The fitted regression models indicated nonlinear responses of many traits to drought stress and hormonal treatments. According to the optimization results, mild to moderate drought stress combined with intermediate levels of melatonin and appropriate amounts of methyl jasmonate was identified as the optimal treatment for maintaining growth, reducing oxidative stress, and increasing essential oil content.
Conclusion: Overall, the targeted application of melatonin and methyl jasmonate can be considered an effective strategy to enhance drought tolerance and improve the quality of grapefruit mint under water-limited conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • essential oil
  • Melatonin
  • Photosynthetic system
  • Water stress

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