اثر عمق آب آبیاری و جایگذاری لاترال آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی بر عملکرد و برخی صفات مورفولوژیک گندم زمستانه در شهرستان سنندج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

3 گروه آبیاری و زهکشی ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

محدودیت منابع آب مهم­ترین مانع در گسترش کشاورزی پایدار در ایران به شمار می­رود. استفاده بهینه از آب در بخش کشاورزی ضرورتی اجتناب‌ناپذیر در جهت حفظ منابع آبی محسوب می‌گردد. کاربرد روش‌های نوین آبیاری و استفاده از راهبردهای مدیریتی مانند کم آبیاری مایۀ افزایش عملکرد فراورده‌ها و بهره‌وری آب می­گردد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و عمق جایگذاری لاترال آبیاری قطره‎ای بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی صفات مورفولوژیک گندم زمستانه در سنندج بود. آزمایش مزرعه­ای این پژوهش در سال  1396 و به‌صورت طرح کرت‌های خردشده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی اجرا گردید. کرت‌های اصلی و فرعی پژوهش حاضر به ترتیب دربرگیرنده سطوح آبیاری (60 و80 و100 و120 درصد نیاز آبی) و عمق جایگذاری لاترال های آبیاری (0 و30 و40 و 50 سانتیمتر) بود. برآیندها پژوهش نشان داد که اثر عمق آب آبیاری و عمق نصب لاترال بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد معنی‌دار بود (p≤0.01). ‎بیشینه عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک محصول گندم در سطح آبیاری 100 درصد نیاز آبی و عمق جایگذاری لاترال آبیاری قطره‎ای زیرسطحی برابر30 سانتی‌متر حاصل شد. برآیندهای مقایسه میانگین اثر متقابل فاکتورهای آزمایشی نشان داد بیشترین عملکرد کاه و کلش در تیمار با عمق آبیاری120 درصد نیاز آبی و عمق کارگزاری لاترال برابر 40 سانتی‌متر به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of irrigation water depth and lateral placement depth of subsurface drip irrigation system on yield and some morphological traits of winter wheat in Sanandaj

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mansour Saidi 1
  • Parviz Fathi 2
  • Mehdi Kouchakzadeh 3
1 M.Sc. student, Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of water sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3 Department of Irrigation and Drainage, faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

Water resources limitation is the most important problem in sustainable agriculture development in Iran. The optimum use of water in agriculture is an inevitable necessity to conservation of water resources. The use of modern irrigation methods and the application of management strategies such as deficit irrigation will increase the crops yield and water productivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different irrigation levels and depth of drip irrigation lateral placement on yield, yield components and some morphological traits of winter wheat in Sanandaj. Field experiment was conducted in 2018 as a split plot based on complete randomized block design. The main plots and sub plots of the present study were irrigation levels (60, 80, 100 and 120% water requirements) and depth of irrigation lateral placement (0, 30, 40 and 50 cm) respectively. The results showed that the effect of irrigation water depth and the depth of lateral placement were significant on the yield and yield components (p≤0.01). Maximum grain yield and biological yield of wheat were obtained with irrigation water depth equal 100 percent of water requirement and the depth of drip irrigation lateral placement equal 30 cm. Results of interaction between treatments showed that the maximum straw yield was obtained in treatment with irrigation depth equal 120 percent of water requirement and depth of lateral placement equal 40 cm.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Micro irrigation
  • Deficit irrigation
  • Winter wheat
  • Yield

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