بررسی خصوصیات کمی و ترکیبات اسانس گل همیشه بهار (.Calendula officinalis L) تحت تاثیر ورمی کمپوست و هیومیک اسید

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، مجتمع آموزش عالی نهاوند، همدان، ایران

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، مجتمع آموزش عالی نهاوند، همدان، ایران

10.34785/J020.2022.357

چکیده

کاربرد کودهای آلی، نقش مهمی در بهبود خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گیاهان دارویی دارد. همیشه­ بهار با نام علمی (Calendula officinalis L) یکی از گیاهان دارویی مهم و متعلق به خانواده کاسنی (Asteraceae) است. عصاره همیشه­ بهار، در درمان التهاب­ های پوستی، اگزما و خشکی پوست کاربرد دارد و دارای اسانس، کاروتنوئید و اسیدهای آمینه است. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی کاربرد ورمی کمپوست و هیومیک اسید، بر برخی خصوصیات کمی و ترکیبات اسانس گل همیشه بهار با شش تیمار و سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه نهاوند در سال 1398 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل شاهد، کود ورمی­ کمپوست در دو سطح 100 و 200 گرم و هیومیک اسید در دو سطح 0.5 و 1 گرم در لیتر و تیمار تلفیقی 100 گرم ورمی کمپوست و 0.5 گرم در لیتر هیومیک اسید بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میزان فنل کل (0.137 میلی گرم گالیک اسید بر گرم عصاره) در تیمار تلفیقی 100 گرم ورمی کمپوست و 0.5 گرم در لیتر هیومیک اسید به دست آمد. بالاترین درصد اسانس (0.32 درصد) نیز در تیمار تلفیقی هیومیک اسید و ورمی کمپوست به دست آمد. 28 ترکیب در اسانس مشاهده گردید که آلفا-کادینول بالاترین مقدار را به خود اختصاص داد. بالاترین میزان آلفا-کادینول در تیمار تلفیقی ورمی کمپوست و هیومیک اسید به دست آمد. می­ توان گفت کاربردکودهای آلی، می­تواند در بهبود خصوصیات کمی گل همیشه بهار موثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The evaluation of quantitative characteristics and essential oil composition of Calendula officinalis L. affected vermicompost and humic acid

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahtab Salehi 1
  • Faezeh Siahvashi 2
  • Fatemeh Davoodi 2
1 Assistant professor, Horticultural Sciences and Engineering Department,, Nahavand Higher Education Complex, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 BSc. graduate, Horticultural Sciences and Engineering Department, Nahavand Higher Education Complex, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
The application of organic fertilizers has a vital role in improving the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of medicinal plants. Calendula officinalis L. is an important medicinal plant from the Asteraceae family. Its extract has medicinal effects such as wound healing, anti-inflammatory, blood purifying, and antibacterial and contains essential oils, carotenoids, and amino acids. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications to investigate the effect of humic acid and vermicompost on some quantitative characteristics and essential oil composition of Calendula officinalis L. in the research greenhouse of the University of Nahavand in 2019. Treatments include control, vermicompost fertilizer in two levels of 100 and 200 g and humic acid in two levels of 0.5 and 1 g.L-1, and integrated treatment of 100 g vermicompost and 0.5 g.L-1 humic acids. The results showed that the highest amount of phenol was produced in the integrated treatment of humic acid and vermicompost. The highest percentage of essential oil (0.32%) was obtained in the integrated treatment of humic acid and vermicompost. Twenty-eight compounds were observed in essential oil, in which alpha-Cadinol had the highest amount. Also, the highest level of alpha-Cadinol was obtained in the integrated treatment of vermicompost and humic acid. It can be said that the use of organic fertilizers can be effective in improving the quantitative characteristics of marigold flowers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alpha-Cadinol
  • essential oil
  • phenol
  • Calendula officinalis L

مراجع

Adams, R.P. 2001. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, Australia.
Albayrak, S. and Çamaş, N. 2005. Effects of different levels and application times of humic acid on root and leaf yield and yield components of forage Turnip (Brassica rapa L.). Journal of Agronomy, 4(2): 130-133.
Amiri, M.B. Rezvani Moghadam, P., Jahan, M. 2017. Effect of organic acids Mycorrhiza and Rhizobacteria on yield and some phytochemical characteristics on Echinum amoenum in low input cropping systems. Agricultural science and sustainable production, 27(1): 45-61.
Andre, C.M., Schafleitner, R., Legay, S., Lefevre, I., Aliaga, C.A.A., Nomberto, G., Hoffmann, L., Hausman, J.F., Larondelle, Y. and Evers. D. 2009. Gene expression changes related to the production of phenolic compounds in potato tubers grown under drought stress. Phytochemistry, 70(90): 1107-1116.
Arancon, N.Q., Edwards, C.A., Bierman, P., Metzger, J.D. and Lucht, C. 2005. Effects of vermicompost produced from cattle manure, food waste and paper waste on the growth and yield of peppers in the field. Pedobiologia, 49 (4): 297-306.
Aslani, S., Barzegar, T. and Nikbakht, J. 2019. Effect of foliar application of humic acid on growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato (Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (L.) Mill) under irrigation deficit stress, Journal of Plant Process and Function, 8(32): 69-83.
Ayyobi, H., olfati, J.A. and Peyvast, G.A. 2014. The effects of cow manure vermicompost and municipal solid waste compost on peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) in Torbat-e-Jam and Rasht regions of Iran. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 3: 147–153.
Azizi M, Baghani, M., Lakzian, A. and Aroei, H. 2007. Effect of vermicompost and vermiwash foliar application on morphological characters and active ingredients content basil (Ocimum basilicum). Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 21: 41-52.
Azizi, M. and Safaei, Z. 2017. Effect of foliar application of Humic Acid and Nano fertilizer Pharmks on morphological traits, yield, Essential Oil content of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Horticultural science, 30(4): 671-680.
Black, C.A. 2013. Soil fertility evaluation and control. CRC Press, London, 768 pages.
British pharmacopoeia. 1988. Vol. 2, London, HMSO Pp: A137-A138.
Butnariu, M. and Coradini, C.Z. 2012. Evaluation of biologically active compounds from Calendula officinalis flowers using spectrophotometry, Chemistry Central Journal 6 (35): 1-7.
Chand, S., Pande, P., Prasad, A., Anwar, M. and Patra, D.D. 2007. Influence of integrated supply of vermicompost and zinc-enriched compost with two graded levels of iron and zinc on the productivity of Geranium. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 38: 2581-2599.
Giasuddin, A.B.M., Kanel, S.R. and Choi, H. 2007. Adsorption of humic acid onto nanoscale zerovalent iron and its effect on arsenic removal. Environmental Science and Technology, 41(6): 2022-2027.
Hosseini Mazinani, M. and Hadipour, A. 2014. Improving the quality and quantity of calendula plants with the use of bio-fertilizers. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 50(2): 83-91.
Jeyabal, A. and Kuppuswamy, G. 2001. Recycling of organic wastes for the production of vermicompost and its response in rice-legume cropping system and soil fertility. European Journal of Agronomy, 15: 153-170.
Johri, A.K, Srivastava, L.J., Singh, J.M. and Rana, R.C. 1991. Effect of row spacings and nitrogen levels of flower and essential oil yield in German chamomile. Indian Perfumer, 35: 93-96.
Khalighi-Sigaroodi, F., Ahvazi, M., Hadjiakhoondi, A., Taghizadeh, M., Yazdani, D., Khalighi-Sigaroodi, S. and Bidel, S. 2012. Cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity of 23 plant species of Leguminosae family. Iran. J. Pharm. Res, 11(1): 295-302.
Kim, D.O., Jeong, S.W., and Lee, C.Y. 2003. Antioxidant capacity of phenolic phytochemicals from various cultivars of plums. Food Chem. 81(3): 321-326.
Mardani, F. and Amuaghayi, R. 2016. Effect of vermicompost extract and solid vermicompost on Plantago psyllium growth parameters.  Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions, 7(25): 1-13.
McLafferty, F.W. and Stauffer, D.B. 1989. Wiley / NBS Registry of Mass Spectral Data. 7 Volume Set. Wiley, New York.
Mostafa, G.G. and Abo-Baker, A.A. 2010. Effect of bio- and chemical fertilization on growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) at South Valley area. Asian Journal of Crop Science, 2(3): 137-146.
Muley, B.P., Khadabadi, S.S. and Banarase, N.B. 2009. Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): A review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(5): 455-65.
Nasiri dehsorkhi, A., Makarian, H., Varnaseri Ghandali, V. and Salari, N. 2018. Investigation of effect of humic acid and vermicompost application on yield and yield components of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Applied research in Field Crops, 31(1): 93-116.
Pandey, R. 2005. Management of Meloidogyne incognita in Artemisia pallens with bio-organics. Nematology, 33(3): 304-308.
Pirasteh Anooshe, H., Emam, Y. and Jamali Ramin, F. 2010. Effects of bio and chemical fertilizers on sunflower (Helianthus annuss L.) growth, yield, and oil percentage under different levels of salt stress. Agroecology, 2(3): 492-501.
Prabha, M.L., Jayraaj, I.A., Jayaraj R. and Rao, D.S. 2007. Effect of vermicompost and compost on growth parameters of selected vegetable and medicinal plants. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences Paper, 9(2): 321-326.
Rabie, A.E, Manaf, H.H, Ashour, H.M. and Shahhat, I. 2014. Response of safflower active ingredients to foliar application with ascorbic acid, humic substances and active dry yeast. Agronomy, 4(1): 261-271.
Rahmanian, M., Esmaielpour, B., The Hadian, J., Shahriari, M.H. and Fatemi, H. 2017. Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Morphological Traits, Essential Oil Content and Components of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Agricultural science and sustainable production, 27(3): 103-118.
Samavat, S. and Malakuti, M. 2005. Important use of organic acid (humic and fulvic) for increase
quantity and quality of agriculture productions. Water and Soil Research, 463: 1-13.
Shahbazi, S., Fateh, E. and Aynehband, A. 2015. Evaluation of the effect of humic acid and vermicompos on yield and yield components of three wheat cultivars in tropical regions. Journal of Plant Production, 38(2): 99-110.
Toor, N.K., Savage, G.P. and Heeb, A. 2006. Influence of different types of fertilizers on the major antioxidant components of tomatoes. Journal of food composition and analysis, 19: 20-27.
Tufail, M., Nawaz, K.H. and Usman, M. 2014. Impact of humic acid on the morphology and yield of Wheat )Triticum aestivum L.(. World Applied Sciences, 30(4): 475-480.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار