بررسی شاخص‌های رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام لوبیا قرمز در شرایط اقلیمی سرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد باغبانی، وزارت جهاد کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس زراعت،شرکت شهرک های کشاورزی، وزارت جهاد کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 کارشناس زراعت، سازمان جهادکشاورزی، قم، ایران

10.34785/J020.2022.120

چکیده

به منظور بررسی عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و شاخص­های رشد ارقام لوبیا آزمایشی در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار و پنج رقم لوبیای قرمز شامل بومی ‌ازنا، درخشان، صیاد، گلی و ناز در مرکز خدمات جهادکشاورزی شهرستان ازنا انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد ارقام لوبیا قرمز از نظر صفات اندازه‌گیری شده در سطح یک درصد با هم اختلاف معنی‌دار داشتند. رقم گلی دارای بیش‌ترین میزان وزن خشک، LAI، ارتفاع بوته، فاصله میان‌گره، تعداد گره در ساقه، تعداد دانه در بوته و در مترمربع، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد دانه در بوته و در مترمربع و عملکرد بیولوژیک بود. اما بیش‌ترین CGR در رقم بومی ‌ازنا حاصل شد و رقم ناز دارای بیش‌ترین تعداد برگ در بوته، تعداد شاخه ‌‌فرعی در بوته و در مترمربع و تعداد نیام بارور در بوته بود. از طرف دیگر رقم صیاد دارای بیش‌ترین NAR، RGR و تعداد دانه در نیام و رقم درخشان دارای بیش‌ترین نسبت نیام به ارتفاع بوته و وزن صد دانه بود. به‌‌جز کم‌ترین تعداد دانه در نیام که در رقم ناز و نسبت نیام به ارتفاع بوته که در رقم گلی مشاهده شد، کم‌ترین مقدار سایر صفات در رقم درخشان به‌دست آمد. با توجه به ‌نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش، رقم گلی مناسب کشت در منطقه مورد مطالعه تشخیص داده شد. بررسی روابط همبستگی نشان داد عملکرد، همبستگی بالا و معنی ­داری با وزن خشک در هر بوته (**0/77)، شاخص سطح برگ (**0.72)، سرعت رشد محصول (**0.66)، تعداد شاخه ‌فرعی در بوته و در مترمربع (**0/61)، تعداد گره در بوته (**0/98)، تعداد دانه در بوته (**0/86)، وزن صد دانه (*0/45-)، نسبت نیام به ارتفاع بوته (**0/88-)، فاصله میان گره (**0/79)، ارتفاع بوته (**0/91)، عملکرد بیولوژیک (*0/49) و شاخص برداشت (**0/61) داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of growth indices, yield, and yield components of red bean cultivars in cold climatic conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Pourhadian 1
  • Nabi Hadavand 2
  • Majid Khalili 3
  • Hassan Kazem Aslani 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Iran
2 Master of horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Tehran, Iran
3 Bachelor of Agronomy, Agricultural Towns Company, Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Tehran, Iran
4 Bachelor of Agronomy, Agricultural Jihad Organization, Qom, Iran
چکیده [English]

This experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications and five cultivars of red beans, including local of Azna, Derakhshan, Sayad, Goli, and Naz in Jihad Agricultural Service Center Al-Mahdi Town, Azna. Results showed that red bean cultivars differ in the characteristics measured (P < 0.01). The highest dry weight, LAI, plant height, distance between internodes, nodes number on the stem, seeds number per plant and per square meter, harvest index, grain yield per plant and square meter, and biological yield belonged to the Goly cultivar. But, the highest CGR was in local varieties of Azna. Naz cultivar had the highest number of leaves per plant, number of sub-branches per plant and square meter, and number of fertile pods per plant. But Sayad cultivar had the highest NAR, RGR, and number of seeds per pod, and the Derakhshan cultivar had the highest ratio of the pod to plant height and 100- seed weight. Except for the lowest seeds number per pod in Naz and ratio pod to height and nodes number in Goly, the lowest Other characters were obtained in Derakhshan. According to the results of this experiment, the Goli cultivar is suitable for cultivation in the study area. The study of correlation relationships showed high and significant correlation between yield, and biological dry weight (0.77**), leaf area index (0.72**), crop growth rate (0.66**), sub-branch number per plant and per square meter (0.61**), node number per plant (0.98**), seed number per plant (0.86**), 100-seed weight (-0.45*), pod-to-height ratio(-0.88**), distance between nodes (0.79), height (0.91**), biological yield (0.49*) and harvest index (0.61**).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Yield
  • dry matter
  • CGR
  • LAI
  • RGR

مراجع

Ahmadzadeh Ghavidel, R., Asadi, G.A., Naseripour Yazdi, M.T., Ghorbani, R. and Khorramdel, S. 2016. Effects of Plant Density and Cow Manure Levels on Growth Criteria of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivars under Mashhad Climatic Conditions. Agroecology, 8(2): 296-317. (In Persian).
Bagheri, A., Azizi, K. and Hasanvandi, M.S. 2014. Growth Analysis of Two Cultivars of Lentil Using Regression Modeling. Field Crops Research, 12(3): 484-490. (In Persian).
Bahrami, S. 2000. Analysis of growth and yield of four soybean cultivars in different densities. Master Thesis in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Khuzestan, Dezful Branch. 154p.
Biswas, D.K., Haque, M.M., Hamid, A., Ahmed, J.U. and Rahman, M.A. 2002. Influence of plant population density on growth and yield of two blackgram varieties. Pakistan Journal of Agronomy, 1(2-3): 83-85.
Bullock, D.G., Nielsen, R.L. and Nyquist, W.E. 1988. A growth analysis comparison of corn grown in conventional and equidistant plant spacing. Crop Science, 28: 254-258.
Chavoshi, S., Nourmohamadi, G., Madani, H., Heidari Sharifabad, H. and Alavifazel, M. 2019. Evaluation of the effects of application of plant growth regulator rhizobacteria on the important agronomic traits and physiological characteristics of red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Crop Physiology, 11(41): 63-79. (In Persian).
Chekanai, V., Chikowo, R. and Vanlauwe, B. 2018. Response of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to nitrogen, phosphorus and rhizobia inoculation across variable soils in Zimbabwe. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 1(266): 167-173.
Clawson, K.L., Specht, J.E. and Blad, B.L. 1986. Growth analysis of soybean isolines differing in pubescence density. Agronomy, 78: 164-172.
Darkwa, K., Ambachew, D., Mohammed, H., Asfaw, A. and Blair, M.W. 2016. Evaluation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes for drought stress adaptation in Ethiopia. The Crop Journal, 4: 367-376.
Dastan, S., Yadi, R., Ghanbari Malidreh, A. and Eslami Rostami, H.R. 2014. Comparison of growth indices of different soybean cultivars in Sari climatic conditions. Crop production Research, 5(4): 387-399. (In Persian).
Derini, F., Madani, H. and Shirzadi, M.H. 2009. Comparison of different growth analyse indices for Vigna and Tepary Jiroft, Iran local beans germplasms in various plant densities. New Finding in Agriculture, 3(2): 105-120. (In Persian).
Dori, H.R., Qanberi, A.A., Lak, M.R. and Bani Jamali, M. 2009. Guide bean (plantation, cultivation, harvesting). Agricultural extension, education and research organization, deputy of education and extension, Pp: 1-112. (In Persian).
FAOSTAT. 2020. Crops and livestock products. [Available online at https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL].
Farajee, H., Gholizadeh, S., Owliaiee, H.R. and Azimi Gandomani, M. 2010. Effect of plant density on grain yield of three spotted bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars in Yasouj condition. Pulses Research, 1(1): 43-50. (In Persian).
Farrokhi, G., Moaveni. P., Mozafari, H., Majidi-Heravan, E. and Sani, B. 2019. The effect of irrigation cut off in different irrigation periods on yield and physiological indices of four maize cultivars. Crop Physiology, 11(43): 25-45. (In Persian).
Gebeyehu, Y.S. 2019. Evaluation of growth performance of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes during two phenological phases. World Scientific News. 128(2): 171-181.
General Department of Meteorology of Lorestan Province. 2021. Available at: http://www.lorestanmet.ir/index.php/fa/ Ghibi.
Habibzadeh, Y., Mamqani, R., Kashani, A. and Mesgarbashi, M. 2006. The effect of density on yield and some vegetative and reproductive traits 3 genotype of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) wilczek) in Ahvaz region. Agricultural Sciences, 37(2): 335-327. (In Persian).
Majnoun Hosseini, N. 2015. Agriculture and production of cereals (new edition of cereals in Iran). Tehran University Jihad Publishing Organization. 283p.
Mondani, F. and Jalilian, A. 2019. Evaluation of the interaction between sowing date and cultivar on Different traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Kermanshah climate conditions. Plant Production Technology, 19(1): 37-51. (In Persian).
Norsworthy, J.K. and Ship, E.R. 2005. Effect of row spacing and soybean genotype on mainstem and branch yield. Agronomy, 97: 919-923.
Nouriyani, H. 2017. Effect of seed preparation on some growth physiological indices, yield and yield components of two cultivars of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Crop Physiology, 9(33): 35-51. (In Persian).
Perez de la Vega, M., Santalla, M. and Marsolais, F. 2017. The common bean genome. Springer International Publishing. 304p.
Peykaristan, B., Yarnia, M. and Madani, H. 2017. Effect of deficit irrigation and foliar application of zinc on indices of growth analysis and yield of sweet corn cultivars. Crop Physiology, 9(33): 85-98. (In Persian).
Pourhadian, H. and Khajehpour, M. 2008. Effects of row spacing and planting density on growth indices and yield of safflower, local variety of Isfahan “Koseh” in summer planting. Crop production and processing, 11(42): 17-31. (In Persian).
Pourhadian, H., Hadavand, N., Khalili, M. and Kazem Aslani, H. 2013. Evaluation of the growth stages, potential of photosynthesis and effective factors on seed yield Red bean varieties. Advanced Crop Science, 3(11): 720-728.
Pourhadian, H., Kazem Aslani, H., Hadavand, N. and Khalili, M. 2014. Comparison of different varieties of red beans in terms of vegetative, reproductive and physiological traits in spring cultivation of Azna city. Final report of the research project. Payam Noor university. Lorestan Province. 56p.
Sabokdast, M. and Khayalparast, F. 2007. Study of relationships between yield and yield components in 30 bean cultivars (Phaseolus valgaris L.). Agricultural Science and Technology and Natural Resources, 11(42): 134-123. (In Persian).
Salehi, M., Akbari, R. and Khorshidi Benam, M. 2008. A Study on response of yield and seed yield components of red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to delay in planting in Miyaneh region. Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 12(43): 105-115. (In Persian).
Sarmadnita, G. and Koochaki, A. 2014. Physiology of Crops (Translation). Seventeenth Edition. University Jihad Publications, Mashhad University. 400p.
Sayadi, Z., Siadat, S. and Porsiabidi, M. 2010. The effect alementay different system (input, fullput, organic) on the bean. Crop Physiology, 7(3): 119-137. (In Persian).
Seyed Sharifi, R., Mohammadi Khanghah, P. and Raey, Y. 2014. Effect of plant density on yield, yield components and some physiological indices of chickpea cultivars three. Crop Physiology, 5(20): 25-38. (In Persian).
Shobeiri, S., Ghassemi-Golezani, K., Golchin, A. and Saba, J. 2007. Effect of water limitation on growth and yield of three chickpea cultivars in Zanjan. Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 4(2): 32-43. (In Persian).
Siadat, S.A., Bahrami, S., Pourhadian, H. and Mashati, A. 2012. Effects of row spacing on yield and yield components of soybean cultivars in summer cultivation in Khorramabad. Crop Physiology Journal, 3(15): 15-5. (In Persian).
Soghani, M., Vaezi, S. and Sabaghpour, S.H. 2010. Evaluation of morpho-physiological characteristics, grain yield and its components in common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Crop Sciences, 12(4): 436-451. (In Persian).
Torabi Jafroudi, A., Hasanzadeh, A. and Fayaz Moghaddam, A. 2008. Effects of plant population on some of morph physiological characteristics of two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars. Pajouhsh & Sazandegi, 74: 63-71. (In Persian).
Valiki, S.R., Ghanbari, S., Golmohammadzadeh, S. and Riahi Kiasari, K. 2015. Effect of different plant density on growth and yield of three cultivars of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Biological Forum - An International Journal, 7(1): 1524-1528.
Waqar, M.S., Nourmohamadi, Q., Shams, K., Pazuki, A.R and Kebtiyai, S. 2010. Investigation of the effect of planting date on the trend and physiological indicators of growth of dryland chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars in Kermanshah. Plant and Ecosystem, 5(20): 105-113. (In Persian).
تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی
دوره 3، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 3
فروردین 1401
صفحه 133-146

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار