ارزیابی اقتصادی کشت مخلوط سورگوم علوفه‌ای و شبدر برسیم در استان البرز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر نسبت‌های مختلف کشت مخلوط سورگوم علوفه‌ای اسپیدفید و شبدر برسیم بر عملکرد علوفه و سودمندی اقتصادی، آزمایشی دو ساله در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با هشت تیمار و سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج در سال‌های زراعی 1395 و 1396 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل هشت نسبت مختلف کاشت از جمله 75% سورگوم + 25% شبدر، 50% سورگوم + 50% شبدر و 25% سورگوم + 75% شبدر به‌عنوان کشت مخلوط جایگزینی؛ 100% سورگوم +50% شبدر، 50% سورگوم +100% شبدر و 100% سورگوم +100% شبدر به‌عنوان کشت مخلوط افزایشی و کشت خالص سورگوم و شبدر برسیم به‌عنوان شاهد بود. تحلیل اقتصادی با استفاده از تکنیک بودجه‌بندی جزیی و شاخص‌های سودآوری از جمله درآمد خالص، درصد بازده فروش و درصد بازگشت سرمایه‌ انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میزان هزینه تولید در تیمار 100 % سورگوم و 100 % شبدر دارای میانگین 49/7 میلیون ریال در هکتار وکمترین هزینه تولید در تیمار کشت خالص شبدر با میانگین 40/6 میلیون ریال در هکتار مشخص شد. تیمار 100% سورگوم + 100 % شبدر با سود 99/6 میلیون ریال در هکتار، بیشترین میزان درآمد خالص را به خود اختصاص داده است. بازده فروش این تیمار 66/7 درصد محاسبه شد که نشان داد یک ریال فروش 66/7 درصد سود به همراه دارد. درصد بازگشت سرمایه این تیمار 200 درصد محاسبه شد. با توجه به نتایج سودآوری، کشت مخلوط افزایشی 100% شبدر + 100% سورگوم به عنوان تیمار برتر در شهرستان کرج توصیه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Economic evaluation of the intercropping of forage sorghum and berseem clover in Alborz province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hormoz Asadi 1
  • Farid Gholzardi 2
  • Mohammad zamaniyan 1
1 Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute(SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran,
2 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the impact of different ratios of forage sorghum of espidfid cultivar and clover of berseem cultivar intercropping on forage yield and economic profitability, an experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons at the Research Farm of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran. The treatments consisted of eight different planting ratios: 75% sorghum + 25% clover, 50% sorghum + 50% clover, 25% sorghum + 75% clover as replacement intercropping; 100% sorghum + 50% clover, 50% sorghum + 100% clover, 100% sorghum + 100% clover as additive intercropping; and sorghum monoculture and clover monoculture as control. For economic analysis was used partial budgeting method and profitability indices including net income, the percentage of sale return and the percentage of cost recovery in production. The results showed that, the highest cost of production were achieved in 100% sorghum + 100% clover treatment with a average of 49.7 million rials ha-1 and the lowest cost were obtained in clover monoculture with an average of 40.6 million rials ha-1 . The treatment of 100% sorghum + 100% clover had the highest net income with an average of 99.6 million rials ha-1. In the treatment of 100% sorghum + 100% clover the sale return was calculated 66.7%. Also, the percentage of cost recovery was estimated 200%. According to the results, 100% sorghum + 100% clover was recommended as a superior treatment in Karaj.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Berseem clover"
  • "Cost recovery"
  • "Crop system
  • "Espidfid sorghum"
  • "Sales return"

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