بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی بر برخی ویژگی های کمی و کیفی گل همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، مجتمع آموزش عالی نهاوند، همدان، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، مجتمع آموزش عالی نهاوند، همدان، ایران

10.22034/plant.2024.140968.1087

چکیده

استفاده از کودهای زیستی و تغذیه متعادل گیاه به عنوان مهم‌ترین عوامل حاصلخیزی خاک، از اولویت‌های اصلی کشاورزی پایدار است. به منظور بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی بر برخی خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گل همیشه‌بهار، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 14 تیمار شامل "ازتوباکتر"، "آزوسپیریلوم"، "سودوموناس"، "تیوباسیلوس"، "ازتوباکتر + آزوسپیریلوم"، "ازتوباکتر + سودوموناس"، "آزوسپیریلوم + تیوباسیلوس"، "آزوسپیریلوم + سودوموناس"،"تیوباسیلوس + سودوموناس"،"تیوباسیلوس + ازتوباکتر"، "ازتوباکتر + آزوسپیریلوم + تیوباسیلوس"، "ازتوباکتر + آزوسپیریلوم + سودوموناس"، "آزوسپیریلوم + سودوموناس + تیوباسیلوس"، "ازتوباکتر + آزوسپیریلوم + سودوموناس + تیوباسیلوس" و سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا ـ مجتمع آموزش عالی نهاوند در سال 1402 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین میزان فنل (86/1 میلی‌گرم اسید گالیک بر گرم عصاره) و فلاونوئید (54/5 میلی‌گرم روتین بر گرم عصاره) در تیمار ترکیبی تیوباسیلوس و ازتوباکتر به دست آمد. بیشترین قطر ساقه (48/17 میلی‌متر) در تیمار ترکیبی ازتوباکتر و سودوموناس ایجاد شد. بیشترین قطر طبق (19/15 میلی‌متر) در تیمار سودوموناس به دست آمد. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (28 سانتی‌متر) با کاربرد کود زیستی ازتوباکتر ایجاد شد. بیشترین تعداد شاخه فرعی، تعداد گل در بوته، وزن تر و خشک گل در تیمار ترکیبی آزوسپیریلوم و سودوموناس به دست آمد. در نهایت می‌توان گفت کاربرد کودهای زیستی علاوه بر بهبود ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی گل همیشه‌بهار، راهکاری مؤثر در راستای دستیابی به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of biological fertilizers on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of calendula (Calendula officinalis L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahtab Salehi 1
  • Shadi Jalalvand 2
  • Samaneh Nesari 2
1 Assistant professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences and Engineering ,, Nahavand Higher Education Complex, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 BSc. student, , Department of Horticultural Sciences and Engineering , Nahavand Higher Education Complex, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The use of biological fertilizers and balanced plant nutrition as the most important soil fertility factors are among the main priorities of sustainable agriculture. In order to investigate the effect of biological fertilizers on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Calendula officinalis L., an experiment was done in the form of a completely randomized design with 14 treatments including (Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Pseudomonas, Thiobacillus, Azotobacter + Azospirillum, Azotobacter + Pseudomonas, Azospirillum + Thiobacillus, Azospirillum + Pseudomonas, Azotobacter + Azospirillum + Thiobacillus, Azotobacter + Pseudomonas + Thiobacillus, Azotobacter + Azospirillum + Pseudomonas, Azotobacter + Azospirillum + Pseudomonas + Thiobacillus, Pseudomonas, Thiobacillus, Thiobacillus + Azotobacter) and three replicates in the greenhouse of Nahavand Higher Education Complex in 1402. The results showed that the highest amount of phenol (1.86 mg GAE/gr) and flavonoid (5.54 mg routine/gr) was obtained in the combined treatment of Thiobacillus and Azotobacter. The highest stem diameter (17.48 mm) was produced in the combined treatment of Azotobacter and Pseudomonas. The highest diameter (15.19 mm) was created in Pseudomonas treatment. The highest height of the plant (28 cm) was produced with the use of Azotobacter biological fertilizer. The highest number of sub-branches, number of flowers per plant, fresh and dry weight of flowers were created in Azospirillum and Pseudomonas treatments. Finally, it can be said that the use of biological fertilizers, in addition to improving the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Calendula officinalis L., is also an effective solution for achieving the goals of sustainable agriculture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bacterial inoculation
  • flavonoid
  • medicinal plant
  • phenol
  • sustainable agriculture
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